مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمون هم‌انباشتگی پنل یوهانسن	آزمون علیت پنل گرنجر
حوزه	اقتصادسنجی	اقتصادسنجی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	2001	1988–2012
پدیدآور	Larsson, Lyhagen & Lothgren (building on Johansen 1988/1991)	Holtz-Eakin, Newey & Rosen (1988); Dumitrescu & Hurlin (2012)
نوع	Panel cointegration test	Causality test
منبع بنیادین	Larsson, R., Lyhagen, J., & Lothgren, M. (2001). Likelihood-based cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels. Econometrics Journal, 4(1), 109–142.	Dumitrescu, E.-I., & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450–1460.
نام‌های دیگر	panel Johansen test, Larsson-Lyhagen-Lothgren test, LLL panel cointegration, panel trace test	panel causality test, Dumitrescu-Hurlin test, heterogeneous panel causality, panel Granger test
مرتبط	5	5
خلاصه	The Panel Johansen cointegration test extends Johansen's maximum-likelihood framework to panel data, allowing researchers to test whether multiple non-stationary variables share long-run equilibrium relationships across cross-sectional units. It pools the likelihood-ratio statistics from individual Johansen tests and compares the standardised average against a standard normal distribution, yielding greater power than single-country approaches.	The Panel Granger Causality test examines whether past values of one variable help predict another variable across multiple cross-sectional units observed over time. It extends the classical Granger causality framework to panel data, accounting for cross-sectional heterogeneity and enabling more powerful inference by pooling information across units.