مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	MCMC برای مقایسه مدل	هامیلتونی مونت کارلو
حوزه	بیزی	بیزی
خانواده	Bayesian methods	Bayesian methods
سال پیدایش	1995	1987
پدیدآور	Peter J. Green (reversible-jump MCMC); Meng & Wong (bridge sampling)	—
نوع	Bayesian computational method	Gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler
منبع بنیادین	Green, P. J. (1995). Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo computation and Bayesian model determination. Biometrika, 82(4), 711–732.	Duane, S., Kennedy, A. D., Pendleton, B. J., & Roweth, D. (1987). Hybrid Monte Carlo. Physics Letters B, 195(2), 216–222.
نام‌های دیگر	reversible-jump MCMC, RJMCMC, marginal likelihood estimation via MCMC, Bayesian model selection via MCMC	HMC, Hybrid Monte Carlo, NUTS, No-U-Turn Sampler
مرتبط	5	3
خلاصه	MCMC for model comparison uses Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms to estimate the marginal likelihoods and Bayes factors needed to formally compare competing statistical models. Techniques such as reversible-jump MCMC and bridge sampling allow exploration across model spaces of different dimensionality, enabling fully Bayesian model selection and averaging.	Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is a gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that uses the geometry of the log-posterior surface to make large, informed jumps through parameter space instead of the small random steps of classical MCMC. Originally introduced for lattice field theory by Duane, Kennedy, Pendleton, and Roweth (1987) under the name Hybrid Monte Carlo, and brought into mainstream statistics by Radford Neal's authoritative 2011 chapter, HMC is today the default sampler in Stan and PyMC and is widely regarded as the state-of-the-art engine for Bayesian posterior inference in high-dimensional models.