مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Many-Facet Rasch Measurement	مدل راش
حوزه	Education	روان‌سنجی
خانواده	Latent structure	Latent structure
سال پیدایش	1989	1960
پدیدآور	John Michael Linacre	Georg Rasch
نوع	Rasch model extension adding rater and other facets to person and item	Item Response Theory / Latent trait model
منبع بنیادین	Linacre, J. M. (1989). Many-Facet Rasch Measurement. MESA Press. ISBN: 9780941938020	Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen.
نام‌های دیگر	MFRM, Many-Faceted Rasch Model, Facets Model, Linacre Facets Model	1PL IRT, one-parameter logistic model, Rasch Modeli — 1PL IRT, 1PL model
مرتبط	4	6
خلاصه	Many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM) extends the basic Rasch model to assessments mediated by raters. Beyond examinee ability and item difficulty, it adds explicit parameters for rater severity and for any other facet of the rating situation — task, occasion, rating criterion — placing them all on one common logit scale. Developed by John Michael Linacre, MFRM lets analysts estimate and adjust for the fact that some raters are systematically harsh and others lenient, producing 'fair' ability estimates that do not penalize an examinee for happening to draw a severe judge.	The Rasch model, introduced by Georg Rasch in 1960, is the simplest member of the Item Response Theory (IRT) family. It assigns a single difficulty parameter to each test item and places both item difficulties and person abilities on the same logit scale, enabling direct, sample-independent comparison of items and persons.