مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مقیاس چندبعدی کنترل سلامت	مقیاس خودکارآمدی ورزشی
حوزه	رفتار سلامت	رفتار سلامت
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1978	1997
پدیدآور	Barbara S. Wallston, Kenneth A. Wallston, and Robert DeVellis	Albert Bandura; validated by Resnick & Jenkins
نوع	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
منبع بنیادین	Wallston, B. S., Wallston, K. A., & DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales. Health Education Monographs, 6(2), 160-170.	Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
نام‌های دیگر	MHLC, Health Locus of Control	Exercise Confidence Scale, Physical Activity Self-Efficacy
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) is an 18-item measure developed by Wallston, Wallston, and DeVellis (1978) to assess individual differences in health-related beliefs about the locus of control—that is, to whom or what people attribute responsibility for their health. The MHLC measures three dimensions: Internal control (belief that health is determined by one's own actions and responsibility), Powerful Others control (belief that health is determined by healthcare providers, family, or powerful authority figures), and Chance control (belief that health is determined by fate, luck, or uncontrollable events). These beliefs profoundly influence health behavior engagement, treatment adherence, and response to health information. The MHLC is widely used in health behavior research, patient education evaluation, and clinical practice to understand how beliefs about health control shape behavior and to tailor communication styles.	The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale measures an individual's confidence in their ability to exercise regularly and maintain physical activity despite challenges. Grounded in Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, self-efficacy is the belief that one has the capability to execute a specific behavior and achieve desired outcomes. For exercise, self-efficacy encompasses confidence in overcoming barriers (time, fatigue, weather), maintaining consistency, and managing setbacks or relapse. Research consistently demonstrates that exercise self-efficacy is one of the strongest predictors of exercise adherence; individuals with high confidence are more likely to initiate exercise, persist through difficulties, and maintain activity over time. The scale is widely used in primary care, cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation, weight management, diabetes care, and exercise research to assess readiness for behavior change and to evaluate interventions designed to boost confidence.