مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	بازسازی با میکروسکوپ الکترونی کرایوژنیک (Cryo-EM)	جستجوی پروفایل HMMER
حوزه	زیست‌اطلاعاتی	زیست‌اطلاعاتی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1975	1994
پدیدآور	Joachim Frank	Sean Eddy
نوع	Image reconstruction pipeline	Probabilistic sequence search pipeline
منبع بنیادین	Frank, J. (2002). Single-particle imaging of macromolecules by cryo-electron microscopy. Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, 31, 303-319.	Krogh, A., Brown, M., Mian, I. S., Sjölander, K., & Haussler, D. (1994). Hidden Markov models in computational biology: applications to protein modeling. Journal of Molecular Biology, 235(5), 1501-1531.
نام‌های دیگر	cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-EM, single-particle cryo-EM	profile-hidden Markov model, HMM profile search, HMMER
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) determines three-dimensional macromolecular structures at atomic or near-atomic resolution by imaging proteins frozen in vitreous ice. Pioneered by Frank, Henderson, and others, this technique has revolutionized structural biology by enabling visualization of large, non-crystallizable complexes and capturing functional conformational states.	HMMER profile search identifies distant protein sequence homologs using probabilistic models of protein families, known as profile Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Developed by Eddy and colleagues, this method captures sequence variation patterns within protein families and detects homologs with far greater sensitivity than position-weight matrices or pairwise alignment.