مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پرسشنامه CAGE	آزمون شناسایی اختلالات مصرف الکل (AUDIT)	پرومیس
حوزه	سنجش سلامت	سنجش سلامت	سنجش سلامت
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1974	1993	2010
پدیدآور	John A. Ewing and colleagues	World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative group, John Saunders and colleagues	National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
نوع	Brief alcohol dependence screening questionnaire	Alcohol use disorder screening and severity assessment	Computer-adaptive testing and fixed-length patient-reported outcome measures
منبع بنیادین	Ewing, J. A. (1984). Detecting alcoholism: the CAGE questionnaire. JAMA, 252(14), 1905–1907.	Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption—II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804.	Cella, D., Yount, S., Rothrock, N., et al. (2010). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): progress of an NIH Roadmap cooperative group during its first two years. Medical Care, 45(Suppl 1), S3–S11.
نام‌های دیگر	CAGE, Cut-Annoyed-Guilty-Eye Opener, Alcohol Dependency Screen	AUDIT, WHO AUDIT, Alcohol Screening	PROMIS measures, NIH PROMIS, Computer Adaptive Testing PROMIS
مرتبط	5	5	5
خلاصه	The CAGE is a 4-item brief alcohol screening questionnaire developed by Ewing and colleagues in the 1970s. The acronym represents the four questions: Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye opener. Published in 1984, it has become one of the most widely used brief alcohol screens in medical practice due to its simplicity and historical validation.	The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is a 10-item screening and assessment tool developed by the World Health Organization in 1993. It rapidly identifies hazardous alcohol use, harmful drinking, and alcohol dependence across diverse populations. The AUDIT has become the gold-standard alcohol screening instrument in primary care and clinical settings worldwide.	The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a comprehensive, flexible system of patient-reported outcome measures developed by the National Institutes of Health. Launched in 2010, PROMIS measures health across multiple domains using both fixed-item forms and computer-adaptive testing (CAT). It has become the gold standard for outcomes measurement in clinical trials and health systems research.