مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی‌سازی‌شده بیزی	کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی عملگرایانه
حوزه	اپیدمیولوژی	اپیدمیولوژی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1980s–2000s (formal methodology consolidated ~2004–2006)	1967
پدیدآور	Donald A. Berry and David J. Spiegelhalter (applied Bayesian inference formally to RCT design)	Daniel Schwartz & Joseph Lellouch
نوع	Randomized experimental study with Bayesian inference	Interventional study design
منبع بنیادین	Spiegelhalter, D. J., Abrams, K. R., & Myles, J. P. (2004). Bayesian Approaches to Clinical Trials and Health-Care Evaluation. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471499756	Schwartz, D., & Lellouch, J. (1967). Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 20(8), 637–648.
نام‌های دیگر	Bayesian RCT, Bayesian adaptive trial, Bayesian clinical trial design, BRCT	pragmatic RCT, effectiveness trial, real-world RCT, practical clinical trial
مرتبط	5	6
خلاصه	A Bayesian randomized clinical trial (Bayesian RCT) combines the rigour of random treatment allocation with Bayesian statistical inference, allowing researchers to incorporate prior evidence and update beliefs continuously as trial data accumulate. Unlike the classical frequentist RCT, it yields direct probability statements about treatment effects and supports pre-specified adaptive stopping rules based on posterior probabilities.	A pragmatic randomized clinical trial (pragmatic RCT) is an interventional study that tests whether a treatment works under routine clinical conditions, as opposed to the tightly controlled setting of an explanatory trial. It prioritizes broad eligibility, flexible delivery, and patient-relevant outcomes to answer the question 'Does this treatment work in everyday practice?' rather than 'Can this treatment work under ideal circumstances?' The distinction between pragmatic and explanatory trials was formally articulated by Schwartz and Lellouch in 1967 and operationalized by the PRECIS tool in 2009.