مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آمار توصیفی بیزی	تحلیل اندازه اثر
حوزه	آمار	آمار
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	1763/1812	1969 (first edition); 1988 (definitive second edition)
پدیدآور	Thomas Bayes / Pierre-Simon Laplace	Jacob Cohen
نوع	Bayesian parameter estimation	Standardized magnitude estimation
منبع بنیادین	Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., & Rubin, D. B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1439840955	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
نام‌های دیگر	Bayesian summaries, posterior descriptives, Bayesian parameter estimation, credible-interval summaries	effect magnitude estimation, standardized effect measure, practical significance analysis, ES analysis
مرتبط	5	4
خلاصه	Bayesian descriptive statistics summarizes data by combining observed information with prior knowledge through Bayes' theorem, yielding posterior distributions over parameters such as the mean and variance. Instead of point estimates and p-values, results are expressed as posterior means, medians, and credible intervals that carry a direct probability interpretation.	Effect size analysis quantifies the practical magnitude of a statistical result independently of sample size. Rather than asking only whether a difference or relationship is statistically significant, it asks how large it is, using standardized indices such as Cohen's d, eta-squared, omega-squared, or Pearson's r that allow direct comparison across studies and populations.