مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل‌سازی عامل‌محور (ABM)	عدد بازتولید (R0 و Rt)
حوزه	شبیه‌سازی	اپیدمیولوژی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1970s–1990s (formalized as a field)	1990
پدیدآور	Thomas Schelling and Robert Axelrod (foundational contributions, 1970s–1990s)	Diekmann, Heesterbeek & Metz
نوع	Computational simulation method	Threshold parameter for epidemic spread
منبع بنیادین	Axelrod, R. (1997). The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration. Princeton University Press.	Diekmann, O., Heesterbeek, J. A. P., & Metz, J. A. J. (1990). On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 28(4), 365–382.
نام‌های دیگر	ABM, Ajan Tabanlı Modelleme (ABM), multi-agent simulation, individual-based modeling	Basic Reproduction Ratio, Effective Reproduction Number, Net Reproduction Number, Temel Üreme Sayısı
مرتبط	5	2
خلاصه	Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a computational simulation method, formalized through the work of Thomas Schelling and Robert Axelrod in the 1970s–1990s, that simulates the behavior of complex systems by specifying and running autonomous agents — individuals, firms, cells, or any bounded entity — whose local interactions with each other and with their environment collectively produce global, system-level patterns that could not be predicted from any single agent's rules alone.	The basic reproduction number R0 is the expected number of secondary infections produced by a single infectious individual introduced into a fully susceptible population. Formally defined and computationally grounded by Diekmann, Heesterbeek, and Metz in 1990 using the next-generation matrix approach, R0 serves as the central threshold parameter in mathematical epidemiology: if R0 > 1, an epidemic can establish itself; if R0 < 1, the outbreak dies out. The effective reproduction number Rt extends this to partially immune or partially susceptible populations over time.