مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل‌سازی عامل‌محور (ABM)	تحلیل مسیر کم‌هزینه / تحلیل هزینه-فاصله
حوزه	شبیه‌سازی	تحلیل فضایی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1990s (formalized as a field)	1994
پدیدآور	Thomas Schelling and Robert Axelrod (foundational contributions, 1970s–1990s)	Edsger Dijkstra (shortest path); GIS cost-surface adaptation
نوع	Computational simulation method	Raster cost-surface routing
منبع بنیادین	Axelrod, R. (1997). The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration. Princeton University Press.	Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1(1), 269–271.
نام‌های دیگر	ABM, Ajan Tabanlı Modelleme (ABM), multi-agent simulation, individual-based modeling	cost-distance analysis, accumulated cost surface, least-cost corridor, en düşük maliyetli yol
مرتبط	5	3
خلاصه	Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a computational simulation method, formalized through the work of Thomas Schelling and Robert Axelrod in the 1970s–1990s, that simulates the behavior of complex systems by specifying and running autonomous agents — individuals, firms, cells, or any bounded entity — whose local interactions with each other and with their environment collectively produce global, system-level patterns that could not be predicted from any single agent's rules alone.	Least-cost path analysis finds the route between two locations that minimizes accumulated travel cost across a landscape, rather than minimizing straight-line distance. By encoding terrain, slope, land cover, and other frictions into a cost surface and accumulating cost outward from a source, it identifies optimal corridors for roads, pipelines, trails, power lines, and wildlife movement — a core raster-GIS technique built on Dijkstra's shortest-path logic.