Latent structureMultivariate analysis

Multidimensional Scaling (MDS)

Multidimensional scaling maps objects described only by pairwise similarities or dissimilarities into a low-dimensional geometric space so that distances in that space reflect the original proximity structure as faithfully as possible. It is widely used to visualize the hidden structure of psychological, social, and behavioral data.

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Sources

  1. Kruskal, J. B. (1964). Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29(1), 1–27. DOI: 10.1007/BF02289565
  2. Cox, T. F. & Cox, M. A. A. (2001). Multidimensional Scaling (2nd ed.). Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584880943

Related methods

Referenced by

ScholarGateMultidimensional Scaling (Multidimensional Scaling). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/statistics/multidimensional-scaling