Process / pipelineSubstance use screening
CAGE Questionnaire
The CAGE is a 4-item brief alcohol screening questionnaire developed by Ewing and colleagues in the 1970s. The acronym represents the four questions: Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye opener. Published in 1984, it has become one of the most widely used brief alcohol screens in medical practice due to its simplicity and historical validation.
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Sources
- Ewing, J. A. (1984). Detecting alcoholism: the CAGE questionnaire. JAMA, 252(14), 1905–1907. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1984.03350140051025 ↗
- Mayfield, D., McLeod, G., & Hall, P. (1974). The CAGE questionnaire: validation of a new alcoholism screening instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131(10), 1121–1123. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.131.10.1121 ↗
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). Alcohol Use Disorders: Drinking Levels Defined. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. link ↗