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Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP)/Evidence
Method evidence record

Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP)

The Source Normalized Impact per Paper, or SNIP, corrects a journal's citation rate for the citation behavior of its field so that journals in heavily cited and lightly cited disciplines can be compared on the same scale. Henk Moed introduced SNIP in 2010 with a distinctive twist: rather than classifying journals into predefined subject categories, it defines a journal's field from the bottom up as the set of papers that actually cite it, and it normalizes by that field's citation potential, measured from how long the citing papers' reference lists are. Fields whose authors cite many references generate more citations to go around, so a raw citation rate means different things in mathematics than in molecular biology. SNIP divides raw impact per paper by this citation potential to produce a field-corrected indicator. Ludo Waltman and colleagues revised the original formula in 2013 to remove some counterintuitive properties and improve stability; the revised SNIP is the version distributed in Scopus.

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Source record

Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): Citation-Potential-Corrected Journal Impact
Taxonomic method record · process-pipeline / bibliometrics
  • Moed, H. F. (2010). Measuring contextual citation impact of scientific journals. Journal of Informetrics, 4(3), 265-277. · DOI 10.1016/j.joi.2010.01.002
  • Waltman, L., van Eck, N. J., van Leeuwen, T. N., & Visser, M. S. (2013). Some modifications to the SNIP journal impact indicator. Journal of Informetrics, 7(2), 272-285. · DOI 10.1016/j.joi.2012.11.011
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Related methods

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Same method familyEigenfactor and Article Influence Scoremachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyImmediacy Indexmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyPercentile-Based Citation Impact (PPtop10%)machine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Evidence status

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Sources

2 recorded citations, copied from the method source record.

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