Rock Mass Rating
The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system, developed by Zbigniew Bieniawski starting in 1973, is an empirical classification that characterizes rock mass quality and estimates mining and civil engineering behavior. RMR combines five measurable geotechnical parameters into a single index ranging from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate stronger, more stable rock masses. It is the most widely used rock classification system worldwide for underground mining design.
Source record
Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.
- Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classifications. John Wiley & Sons. · ISBN 978-0-471-60437-4
- Hoek, E., Marinos, P., & Benissi, M. (1998). Applicability of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) classification for very weak and sheared rock masses. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 57(2), 151-160. · DOI 10.1007/s100640050031
Curated claims
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Related methods
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