Method evidence record

Retrospective Case Series

A retrospective case series is an observational study that systematically describes the clinical features, treatments, and outcomes of a defined group of patients by examining pre-existing medical records or administrative data. It looks backward in time — data have already been recorded before the study begins. With no control group, no randomization, and no prospective follow-up, it sits near the base of the evidence hierarchy but remains one of the most practical and frequently published study designs in clinical medicine.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Source record

Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Retrospective Case Series Study

Taxonomic method record · process-pipeline / epidemiology

Kooistra, B., Dijkman, B., Einhorn, T. A., & Bhandari, M. (2009). How to design a good case series. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 91(Suppl 3), 21–26. · DOI 10.2106/JBJS.H.01573
Mayer, D. (2010). Essential Evidence-Based Medicine (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Chapter on study designs. · ISBN 9780521712415

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Curated claims

Claims persisted in the evidence ledger, each with its own assessment.

No curated claims yet

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Related methods

Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.

Taxonomic bucketCase seriesmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketProspective Case Seriesmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketRetrospective case-control studymachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketRetrospective Cohort Studymachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.