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Manual Muscle Testing/Evidence
Method evidence record

Manual Muscle Testing

Manual muscle testing (MMT) is a clinical examination technique that quantifies muscle strength by applying manual resistance to isometric contractions and grading the result on a standardized scale (typically 0-5). Developed by Daniels and Worthingham in the 1940s, MMT remains the primary bedside method for assessing muscle weakness in neuromuscular and neurological disorders, establishing rehabilitation baselines, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.

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Source record

Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)
Taxonomic method record · process-pipeline / physical-therapy
  • Kendall, F. P., McCreary, E. K., Provance, P. G., Rodgers, M. M., & Romani, W. A. (2005). Muscles: Testing and function with posture and pain (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. · URL
  • Daniels, L., & Worthingham, C. (1972). Muscle testing: Techniques of manual examination (4th ed.). W.B. Saunders Company. · URL
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Related methods

Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.

Same method familyFunctional Independence Measuremachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyNeuromuscular Re-Educationmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyRange of Motion Goniometrymachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Evidence status

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Sources

2 recorded citations, copied from the method source record.

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