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Heteroscedasticity-Robust Standard Errors/Evidence
Method evidence record

Heteroscedasticity-Robust Standard Errors

Heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors are a correction to the covariance matrix of an OLS regression that yields valid inference when the error variance is not constant. Introduced by Halbert White in 1980 and refined into the finite-sample variants HC1-HC4 by MacKinnon and White in 1985, they leave the coefficient estimates unchanged but rebuild the standard errors so that t and F tests remain trustworthy under heteroscedasticity.

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Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Heteroscedasticity-Consistent (HC) Standard Errors
Taxonomic method record · regression-model / statistics
  • White, H. (1980). A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity. Econometrica, 48(4), 817-838. · DOI 10.2307/1912934
  • MacKinnon, J. G. & White, H. (1985). Some Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimators with Improved Finite Sample Properties. Journal of Econometrics, 29(3), 305-325. · DOI 10.1016/0304-4076(85)90158-7
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Related methods

Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.

Same method familyCluster-Robust Standard Errorsmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyOLS Regressionmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyQuantile Regressionmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyWeighted Least Squaresmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyWild Bootstrapmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Evidence status

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Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Sources

2 recorded citations, copied from the method source record.

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