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Gender Empowerment Measure/Evidence
Method evidence record

Gender Empowerment Measure

The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is a UNDP composite introduced in the 1995 Human Development Report to capture gender inequality in agency and opportunity rather than in basic capabilities. It combines women's and men's shares of parliamentary seats, of senior administrative and managerial as well as professional and technical positions, and their relative earned income, aggregating them into an index that emphasises participation in economic and political decision-making.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Source record

Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
Taxonomic method record · process-pipeline / gender-studies
  • United Nations Development Programme (1995). Human Development Report 1995 — Gender and Human Development. Oxford University Press / UNDP. · URL
  • Klugman, J., Rodríguez, F., & Choi, H.-J. (2011). The HDI 2010: New controversies, old critiques. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 9(2), 249–288. · DOI 10.1007/s10888-011-9178-z
  • Klasen, S. (2006). UNDP's gender-related measures: Some conceptual problems and possible solutions. Journal of Human Development, 7(2), 243–274. · DOI 10.1080/14649880600768595
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Curated claims

Claims persisted in the evidence ledger, each with its own assessment.

No curated claims yet

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Related methods

Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.

Taxonomic bucketGender Development Indexmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketGender Inequality Indexmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketGlobal Gender Gap Indexmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketWomen's Empowerment in Agriculture Indexmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Evidence status

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Sources

3 recorded citations, copied from the method source record.

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