Factorial Pretest-Posttest Experimental Design
A factorial pretest-posttest experimental design combines the simultaneous manipulation of two or more independent variables (factors) with measurement of the dependent variable both before and after treatment. This structure allows researchers to assess the main effect of each factor, all possible interaction effects between factors, and the magnitude of change from pretest to posttest — all within a single, fully randomised experiment.
Source record
Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.
- Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally. · URL
- Kirk, R. E. (2013). Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. · ISBN 978-1412974455
Curated claims
Claims persisted in the evidence ledger, each with its own assessment.
This view does not invent a claim assessment when the ledger has none.
Related methods
Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.