Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), formalized by Kenny, Kashy, and Cook, is the standard framework for analyzing dyadic data in which two people's outcomes depend on both their own and their partner's characteristics. For each member of a dyad, the model estimates an actor effect -- the influence of a person's own predictor on their own outcome -- and a partner effect -- the influence of the partner's predictor on the person's outcome -- while explicitly modeling the statistical non-independence of the two members' scores. For example, a person's relationship satisfaction may depend on their own attachment anxiety (actor effect) and on their partner's attachment anxiety (partner effect). By simultaneously estimating these effects and accounting for the correlation between partners, the APIM avoids the bias of treating dyad members as independent and reveals how individuals in relationships shape each other, making it indispensable for research on couples, families, and other interacting pairs.
Source record
Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.
- Kenny, D. A., Kashy, D. A., & Cook, W. L. (2006). Dyadic Data Analysis. Guilford Press. · ISBN 9781572309869
Curated claims
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Related methods
Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.