Regression modelEconometrics / time series

Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test

The Toda-Yamamoto (TY) causality test is a modified Wald procedure for testing Granger causality in vector autoregressions (VARs) estimated in levels, even when variables are nonstationary or cointegrated. By intentionally over-fitting the VAR with extra lags equal to the maximum integration order, it restores the standard chi-squared asymptotic distribution of the Wald statistic without requiring prior unit-root or cointegration pretesting.

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Sources

  1. Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66(1-2), 225-250. DOI: 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8
  2. Dolado, J. J., & Lütkepohl, H. (1996). Making Wald tests work for cointegrated VAR systems. Econometric Reviews, 15(4), 369-386. DOI: 10.1080/07474939608800362

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Referenced by

ScholarGateToda-Yamamoto causality test (Toda-Yamamoto Modified Wald Causality Test). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/econometrics/toda-yamamoto-causality-test