Regression modelEconometrics / time series

Fourier Phillips-Perron (Fourier PP) Unit Root Test

The Fourier PP unit root test extends the classical Phillips-Perron test by embedding low-frequency Fourier terms in the deterministic component, enabling the test to account for an unknown number of smooth, gradual structural breaks in the level or trend without pre-specifying their timing or shape.

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Sources

  1. Enders, W., & Siklos, P. L. (2001). Cointegration and threshold adjustment. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 19(2), 166-176. DOI: 10.1198/073500101316970395
  2. Becker, R., Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2006). A stationarity test in the presence of an unknown number of smooth breaks. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 27(3), 381-409. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9892.2006.00478.x

Related methods

ScholarGateFourier PP unit root test (Fourier Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/econometrics/fourier-pp-unit-root-test