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Citizen Report Card×Community Scorecard×
FieldDevelopment StudiesDevelopment Studies
FamilyProcess / pipelineProcess / pipeline
Year of origin20022002
OriginatorSamuel Paul and the Public Affairs Centre, Bangalore, IndiaCARE Malawi (developed within the social accountability movement); disseminated by the World Bank
TypeSample-survey-based public-service feedback methodCommunity-based social accountability monitoring tool
Seminal sourcePaul, S. (2002). Holding the State to Account: Citizen Monitoring in Action. Bangalore: Books for Change. ISBN: 9788187380474CARE (2013). The Community Score Card (CSC): A Generic Guide for Implementing CARE's CSC Process to Improve Quality of Services. Atlanta: CARE. link ↗
AliasesCRC, Citizen Report Card Survey, Public Service Report Card, User Satisfaction Report CardCSC, Community Score Card, Community-Based Scorecard, Community Performance Scorecard
Related44
SummaryThe Citizen Report Card (CRC) is a social-accountability method that uses a representative sample survey to gather systematic feedback from the users of public services, producing comparative 'report card' ratings of satisfaction, access, reliability, and corruption. Pioneered by Samuel Paul and the Public Affairs Centre in Bangalore, India, in the mid-1990s, it provides an aggregate, quantitative, citywide or regional measure of service quality — distinguishing it from the local, qualitative Community Scorecard — and uses public dissemination and media advocacy to pressure agencies to improve.The Community Scorecard (CSC) is a participatory social-accountability tool for community-based monitoring of public services, in which both the users and the providers of a service rate its performance and then meet face to face to agree improvements. Developed by CARE in Malawi in the early 2000s and widely disseminated by the World Bank, it operates at the local facility level — a clinic, school, or water point — and is qualitative and dialogue-driven, generating immediate, actionable feedback rather than statistically representative ratings.
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ScholarGateCompare methods: Citizen Report Card · Community Scorecard. Retrieved 2026-06-24 from https://scholargate.app/en/compare