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| Workaholism Scale× | Erschöpfungs- und Desengagement-Skala× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet≠ | Organisationsverhalten | Arbeitsmedizin |
| Familie≠ | Latent structure | Process / pipeline |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1992 | 2003 |
| Urheber≠ | Janet Spence & Ann Robbins; Wilmar Schaufeli, Akihito Shimazu & Toon Taris | Arie Shirom, Shulamit Melamed |
| Typ≠ | Work-addiction measurement scale | Self-report questionnaire |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Spence, J. T., & Robbins, A. S. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, measurement, and preliminary results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58(1), 160-178. DOI ↗ | Shirom, A., Melamed, S., Toker, S., Berliner, S., & Shapira, I. (2005). Burnout, vigor, and physical health among healthcare workers. Psychology and Health, 20(6), 769-785. link ↗ |
| Aliasnamen≠ | WorkBAT, DUWAS, Dutch Work Addiction Scale, Workaholism Battery | EDIS, Energy Assessment Module (EAM) |
| Verwandt≠ | 3 | 5 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | Workaholism scales measure the addiction-like compulsion to work — the tendency to work excessively hard combined with an inner, hard-to-resist drive to keep working. Janet Spence and Ann Robbins introduced the first systematic measure, the Workaholism Battery (WorkBAT), in 1992, defining workaholism through the components of work involvement, drive, and (low) work enjoyment, and distinguishing genuine workaholics from enthusiastic work enthusiasts. Schaufeli, Shimazu, and Taris later developed and validated the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS), a parsimonious two-factor measure of working excessively and working compulsively, tested across the Netherlands and Japan. A central purpose of these instruments is to separate workaholism — a compulsive, strain-producing pattern — from work engagement, the positive, energizing involvement with work. The scales link the workaholic pattern to burnout, impaired health, and work-life conflict. | The Exhaustion and Disengagement Scale (EDIS), based on work by Shirom and colleagues, is a brief burnout assessment tool measuring two core dimensions of occupational burnout: emotional, physical, and cognitive exhaustion, and psychological disengagement from work. Developed in the early 2000s, the EDIS emphasizes the depletion and withdrawal that characterize burnout, with particular attention to physiologic and cognitive fatigue rather than interpersonal dimensions. It is widely used in occupational health research, particularly in European and Israeli occupational health contexts. |
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