Methoden vergleichen

	Generalizability Theory (G-Theory)	Zweiparametrisches logistisches IRT-Modell (2PL)
Fachgebiet	Psychometrie	Psychometrie
Familie	Latent structure	Latent structure
Entstehungsjahr	1963	1980
Urheber	Lee J. Cronbach and colleagues	Frederic M. Lord
Typ	ANOVA-based variance-component framework	Item response model / latent trait model
Wegweisende Quelle	Brennan, R. L. (2001). Generalizability Theory. Springer.	Lord, F. M. (1980). Applications of Item Response Theory to Practical Testing Problems. Erlbaum.
Aliasnamen	Generalizability Theory, G-Study / D-Study framework, Genellenebilirlik Kuramı (G-Kuramı)	two-parameter logistic model, 2PL model, 2PL IRT — İki Parametreli Madde Tepki Modeli
Verwandt	6	6
Zusammenfassung	Generalizability Theory, developed by Lee J. Cronbach and colleagues in the 1960s and formalised by Brennan (2001), is an ANOVA-based framework that extends Classical Test Theory by decomposing observed score variance into multiple, separately identified sources of measurement error — such as raters, tasks, occasions, or items — rather than bundling all error into a single undifferentiated term.	The two-parameter logistic item response model, formalised by Frederic Lord (1980), describes the probability that a respondent answers a binary test item correctly as a smooth S-shaped function of the respondent's latent ability. By estimating a separate discrimination parameter for each item alongside a difficulty parameter, 2PL allows items to differ in how sharply they distinguish high- from low-ability respondents — making it the standard model for large-scale educational and psychological assessments.