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| Entwicklung von Computergestützten Adaptiven Tests (CAT)× | Differenzielles Item-Funktionieren (DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Psychometrie | Psychometrie |
| Familie | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1970s–1980s | 1970s–1993 |
| Urheber≠ | Frederic Lord (IRT foundations); CAT systems developed at ETS and ACT in the 1970s–1980s | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| Typ≠ | Measurement design and test construction | Item-level bias detection |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Wainer, H., Dorans, N. J., Flaugher, R., Green, B. F., Mislevy, R. J., Steinberg, L., & Thissen, D. (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805835113 | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| Aliasnamen | CAT scale construction, adaptive test development, computerized adaptive testing scale design, CAT item bank development | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| Verwandt | 5 | 5 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | Computerized adaptive test (CAT) scale development is the process of constructing, calibrating, and validating a large item bank such that the assessment algorithm can select items tailored to each examinee's estimated ability or trait level in real time. The result is a measurement instrument that achieves high precision with fewer items than a conventional fixed-form test. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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