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| Computerized Adaptive Test Differential Item Functioning (CAT-DIF)× | Differenzielles Item-Funktionieren (DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Psychometrie | Psychometrie |
| Familie | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1990s–2000s | 1970s–1993 |
| Urheber≠ | Wainer, Zwick, and colleagues in the CAT and DIF literatures | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| Typ≠ | Item bias detection in adaptive testing | Item-level bias detection |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Zwick, R., Thayer, D. T., & Mazzeo, J. (1997). Describing and categorizing DIF in polytomous items. Journal of Educational Measurement, 34(4), 261–285. DOI ↗ | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| Aliasnamen | CAT DIF analysis, adaptive test DIF, DIF in computerized adaptive testing, CAT item bias detection | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| Verwandt≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | CAT-DIF identifies items in a computerized adaptive test that behave differently across demographic or group subpopulations after controlling for overall ability. Because adaptive algorithms select items non-randomly based on each examinee's estimated proficiency, standard DIF detection methods require adjustment before they can be validly applied in this context. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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