Methoden vergleichen

	Bayesian Phase I Clinical Trial	Adaptive Randomized Clinical Trial
Fachgebiet	Epidemiologie	Epidemiologie
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Entstehungsjahr	1990	Late 1990s–2000s (widespread adoption post-2010)
Urheber	O'Quigley, Pepe & Fisher (Continual Reassessment Method)	Donald Berry and colleagues; formalized by FDA guidance in 2010 and 2019
Typ	Adaptive Bayesian dose-finding design	Experimental clinical trial design
Wegweisende Quelle	O'Quigley, J., Pepe, M., & Fisher, L. (1990). Continual reassessment method: a practical design for phase 1 clinical trials in cancer. Biometrics, 46(1), 33–48.	Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36.
Aliasnamen	Bayesian dose-finding trial, CRM trial, continual reassessment method trial, Bayesian dose-escalation study	adaptive RCT, adaptive trial design, response-adaptive randomization trial, adaptive clinical trial
Verwandt	5	6
Zusammenfassung	A Bayesian Phase I clinical trial uses prior probability models and sequential Bayes updating to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a new agent. Unlike the traditional 3+3 rule-based escalation, the Bayesian approach revises a dose-toxicity curve continuously as each patient's outcome is observed, allowing faster convergence to the true MTD while minimising exposure of patients to unsafe or subtherapeutic doses.	An adaptive randomized clinical trial (adaptive RCT) is a prospective experimental study that uses pre-specified rules to modify one or more trial aspects — such as sample size, allocation ratios, or treatment arms — based on accumulating data collected during the trial itself, while maintaining statistical validity and integrity of the study.