Methoden vergleichen

	Adaptive Diagnostic Accuracy Study	Adaptive Randomized Clinical Trial
Fachgebiet	Epidemiologie	Epidemiologie
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Entstehungsjahr	2000s–2010s (adaptive designs codified for diagnostics ~2010s)	Late 1990s–2000s (widespread adoption post-2010)
Urheber	Adaptation of STARD framework (Bossuyt et al.) combined with adaptive design principles (Jennison & Turnbull; FDA guidance)	Donald Berry and colleagues; formalized by FDA guidance in 2010 and 2019
Typ	Adaptive observational/experimental study design	Experimental clinical trial design
Wegweisende Quelle	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L., ... & Cohen, J. F. (2015). STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies. BMJ, 351, h5527.	Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36.
Aliasnamen	adaptive DTA study, adaptive diagnostic test evaluation, adaptive test accuracy trial, adaptive STARD study	adaptive RCT, adaptive trial design, response-adaptive randomization trial, adaptive clinical trial
Verwandt	6	6
Zusammenfassung	An adaptive diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well an index test distinguishes between patients with and without a target condition, while incorporating pre-specified interim analyses that allow modifications — such as sample size re-estimation, threshold adjustment, or subgroup enrichment — based on accumulating data. This design improves efficiency and ethical conduct compared to fixed-sample diagnostic studies, particularly when prior prevalence or test performance data are uncertain.	An adaptive randomized clinical trial (adaptive RCT) is a prospective experimental study that uses pre-specified rules to modify one or more trial aspects — such as sample size, allocation ratios, or treatment arms — based on accumulating data collected during the trial itself, while maintaining statistical validity and integrity of the study.