Institutional Review Board
The Institutional Review Board (IRB) is the independent ethics committee established at research institutions to review and approve human subjects research, ensuring compliance with ethical principles and federal regulations. Created as a legal requirement by the U.S. National Research Act (1974) and now adopted globally, the IRB serves as the primary mechanism for protecting research subjects while enabling legitimate research to proceed. No human subjects research can begin without IRB approval.
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- U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 45, Part 46: Protection of Human Subjects. Office of the Federal Register. · URL
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections. (2016). Federalwide Assurance (FWA) for Protection of Human Subjects. Policy on IRB composition and review procedures. · URL
- National Institutes of Health. (2020). Institutional Review Boards Frequently Asked Questions. Office of Science Policy. · URL
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