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| Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale× | Basic Psychological Needs Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fagområde | Sundhedsadfærd | Sundhedsadfærd |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Oprindelsesår≠ | 1991 | 2003 |
| Ophavsperson≠ | Dorothy Kendzierski and Kenneth J. DeCarlo | Martin Gagné, Edward L. Deci, and Richard M. Ryan |
| Type | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Oprindelig kilde≠ | Kendzierski, D., & DeCarlo, K. J. (1991). Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: two validation studies. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13(1), 50-64. DOI ↗ | Gagné, M. (2003). The role of autonomy support and autonomy orientation in prosocial behavior engagement. Motivation and Emotion, 27(3), 199-223. DOI ↗ |
| Aliasser | PACES, Physical Activity Enjoyment | BPNQ, Basic Needs Scale |
| Relaterede | 3 | 3 |
| Resumé≠ | The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), developed by Kendzierski and DeCarlo (1991), is a 16-item measure of the positive affective responses and enjoyment experienced during or after physical activity. Based on the premise that enjoyment is a powerful predictor of exercise adherence and intrinsic motivation, PACES assesses feelings such as pleasure, fun, satisfaction, and interest during physical activity. The instrument uses semantic differential responses (e.g., 'boring–interesting', 'dull–fun', 'unpleasant–pleasant') to capture the hedonic experience of exercise. PACES is widely used in exercise science, health promotion, and physical education research to identify activities that are most enjoyable for specific populations and to evaluate whether interventions enhance exercise enjoyment. | The Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (BPNQ), developed by Gagné (2003) and grounded in Self-Determination Theory by Deci and Ryan, measures satisfaction of three fundamental human psychological needs: Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. According to Self-Determination Theory, these three needs are universally necessary for psychological health, well-being, and intrinsic motivation across all life domains. The 21-item BPNQ assesses the extent to which an individual perceives these needs are being met in their current context. It is widely used in research examining motivation, well-being, mental health, exercise engagement, work satisfaction, education, and psychotherapy effectiveness. |
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