Počet výtvořených let života adjustovaný o postižení (DALY)

Diseases do two kinds of harm: they kill people (shortening life) and they disable people (reducing quality of life while alive). A metric for population health policy must capture both. Tuberculosis in a 30-year-old causes early death (YLL: lost years to age ~80) AND years of suffering before death (YLD). Polio causes permanent disability (high YLD) but lower mortality. DALYs unify these into one burden score. A nation with 1 million DALYs from malaria knows this is a major problem; if interventions can avert 100,000 DALYs/year for $10 million, the cost-effectiveness is $100 per DALY averted—a decision rule. WHO and most health ministries now use DALYs for priority setting, research funding, and reporting progress toward Sustainable Development Goals.