Porovnat metody
Prohlédněte si vybrané metody vedle sebe; řádky, které se liší, jsou zvýrazněny.
| Rozhodovací strom× | Gaussovský směsný model× | Random Forest× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obor | Strojové učení | Strojové učení | Strojové učení |
| Rodina | Machine learning | Machine learning | Machine learning |
| Rok vzniku≠ | 1984 | 1977 | 2001 |
| Tvůrce≠ | Breiman, Friedman, Olshen & Stone | Dempster, Laird & Rubin (EM algorithm) | Breiman, L. |
| Typ≠ | Recursive partitioning (if-then rules) | Probabilistic (soft) clustering — mixture model | Ensemble (bagging of decision trees) |
| Původní zdroj≠ | Breiman, L., Friedman, J.H., Olshen, R.A. & Stone, C.J. (1984). Classification and Regression Trees. Wadsworth. DOI ↗ | Dempster, A.P., Laird, N.M. & Rubin, D.B. (1977). Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data via the EM Algorithm. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 39(1), 1–22. DOI ↗ | Breiman, L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32. DOI ↗ |
| Další názvy≠ | Karar Ağacı (Decision Tree), karar ağacı, classification tree, regression tree | Gaussian Karışım Modeli (GMM Kümeleme), GMM, GMM clustering, mixture of Gaussians | Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), rastgele orman, random decision forest, bagged tree ensemble |
| Příbuzné≠ | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Shrnutí≠ | A Decision Tree is an interpretable classification and regression method, formalised by Breiman, Friedman, Olshen and Stone in their 1984 CART framework, that partitions the data with hierarchical if-then rules. Each split sends observations down one branch or another until a prediction is read off the leaf. | A Gaussian Mixture Model is a probabilistic clustering method that models the data as a weighted mixture of several Gaussian distributions, fitted with the Expectation–Maximization algorithm formalized by Dempster, Laird & Rubin in 1977. It is a generalization of K-means in which each cluster can take its own shape, size, and orientation. | Random Forest is an ensemble learning method, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, that grows many decision trees on bootstrap samples of the data and combines their votes to produce strong classification and regression. By pooling many slightly different trees, it produces more accurate and more stable predictions than any single tree. |
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