Compara mètodes

	UNIFAC	Equació d'estat de Peng-Robinson	Anàlisi de Pinch	Destil·lació reactiva
Camp	Física aplicada	Física aplicada	Física aplicada	Física aplicada
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Any d'origen	1975	1976	1978	1995
Autor original	Aage Fredenslund, Russell Jones, John Prausnitz	Ding-Yu Peng and David Bernard Robinson	Bodo Linnhoff, John Flower	Klaus Sundmacher
Tipus	Activity coefficient model; predictive liquid-phase property method	Equation of state; thermodynamic property correlation	Thermal design and optimization method	Integrated reaction-separation process model
Font seminal	Fredenslund, A., Jones, R. L., & Prausnitz, J. M. (1975). Group-contribution estimation of activity coefficients in nonideal liquid mixtures. AIChE Journal, 21(6), 1086-1099.	Peng, D. Y., & Robinson, D. B. (1976). A new two-constant equation of state. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 15(1), 59-64.	Linnhoff, B., & Flower, J. R. (1978). Synthesis of heat exchanger networks: I. Systematic generation of energy optimal networks. AIChE Journal, 24(4), 633-642.	Sundmacher, K., & Kienle, A. (2003). Reactive Distillation: Status and Future Directions. Wiley-VCH. ISBN: 978-3-527-30623-9
Àlies	UNIFAC predictive model, UNIQUAC functional-group contribution	PR-EOS, Peng-Robinson model	heat integration, pinch point method, process integration	integrated distillation-reaction, reactive column, reaction with separation
Relacionats	3	4	4	4
Resum	UNIFAC (Universal Functional-group Activity Coefficient) is a predictive model for liquid-phase activity coefficients of multicomponent mixtures. Developed by Fredenslund, Jones, and Prausnitz in 1975, it decomposes molecules into functional groups and uses group interaction parameters to estimate non-ideal behavior. UNIFAC is revolutionary because it can predict phase equilibria for mixtures never experimentally measured, making it invaluable for process design and chemical engineering.	The Peng-Robinson equation of state is a cubic model that describes the thermodynamic properties of pure fluids and mixtures. Introduced by Ding-Yu Peng and David Bernard Robinson in 1976, it improves upon earlier models (van der Waals, Redlich-Kwong) by better predicting compressibility factors and phase equilibria, especially near the critical point. It is widely used in petroleum engineering, chemical process design, and natural gas calculations.	Pinch analysis is a systematic method for identifying the minimum energy requirements and optimal heat recovery opportunities in chemical processes. Developed by Bodo Linnhoff and John Flower in 1978, it graphically identifies the 'pinch point'—the most constrained part of the process where heating and cooling demands nearly balance. By targeting these bottlenecks, engineers can design energy-efficient heat exchanger networks and reduce operating costs dramatically.	Reactive distillation couples reaction and separation in a single column, where reactants are separated from products continuously while simultaneously undergoing reaction on catalytic trays. Pioneered in the 1990s by Klaus Sundmacher and others, this process intensification technique dramatically reduces capital cost, energy consumption, and environmental impact for suitable reactions. It is now industrially proven for esterification, hydration, and transesterification processes.