Compara mètodes

	Impuls de gradient regularitzat	LightGBM	Arbre de decisió regularitzat
Camp	Aprenentatge automàtic	Aprenentatge automàtic	Aprenentatge automàtic
Família	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Any d'origen	2001 (gradient boosting); 2016 (explicit L1/L2 regularization in XGBoost)	2017	1984
Autor original	Chen, T. & Guestrin, C. (building on Friedman, J. H.)	Ke, G. et al. (Microsoft)	Breiman, L., Friedman, J., Olshen, R., & Stone, C.
Tipus	Regularized ensemble (additive tree model)	Gradient boosting decision tree ensemble	Supervised learning (regularized tree)
Font seminal	Chen, T. & Guestrin, C. (2016). XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting system. Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 785–794.	Ke, G., Meng, Q., Finley, T., Wang, T., Chen, W., Ma, W., Ye, Q. & Liu, T.-Y. (2017). LightGBM: A Highly Efficient Gradient Boosting Decision Tree. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 30, 3146–3154.	Breiman, L., Friedman, J., Olshen, R., & Stone, C. (1984). Classification and Regression Trees. Wadsworth. ISBN: 978-0-412-04841-8
Àlies	penalized gradient boosting, shrinkage-regularized boosting, XGBoost-style regularization, L1/L2 gradient boosting	LightGBM, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, lgbm, leaf-wise gradient boosting	pruned decision tree, cost-complexity pruned tree, penalized decision tree, constrained CART
Relacionats	6	5	6
Resum	Regularized gradient boosting extends the classic additive tree ensemble (Friedman 2001) by embedding L1 and L2 penalty terms directly into the training objective, along with a complexity penalty on tree size. Popularized by XGBoost (Chen & Guestrin 2016), this framework reduces overfitting and improves generalization compared to unpenalized boosting, while retaining the method's characteristic accuracy on tabular data.	LightGBM is Microsoft's gradient boosting decision tree implementation, introduced by Ke and colleagues in 2017, that grows trees leaf-wise and bins features into histograms for speed. On large datasets it is much faster than XGBoost while retaining strong predictive accuracy.	A regularized decision tree is a decision tree model whose complexity is intentionally limited through pruning, depth constraints, or penalty terms to prevent overfitting. Rooted in Breiman et al.'s CART framework (1984), regularization converts the greedy tree-growing procedure into a bias-variance tradeoff, yielding models that generalize better to unseen data than fully-grown trees.