Compara mètodes

	Escala d'Identificació Partidista	Escala d'Identitat Nacional
Camp	Psicologia política	Psicologia política
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Any d'origen	1960	1989
Autor original	Angus Campbell et al.	Richard Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach
Tipus	Self-report	Self-report
Font seminal	Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: John Wiley & Sons.	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.
Àlies	PAS, Party Identification, Partisan Strength	NIS, National Attachment Scale, Patriotism Scale
Relacionats	3	3
Resum	The Partisan Identity Scale measures strength and direction of psychological attachment to a political party, encompassing both party preference and emotional party identification. Foundational since Campbell et al.'s American Voter (1960), the measure distinguishes party affiliation (which party one is registered with) from party identification (psychological identity with a party as a social group). Partisan identity is among the strongest predictors of voting behavior, political attitudes, and interpretation of political information, functioning as a 'perceptual filter' through which voters process news.	The National Identity Scale measures the strength and character of individuals' identification with their nation, including attachment to national symbols, pride in national achievements, and sense of belonging to the national community. Developed by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), it distinguishes patriotism (pride in national accomplishments, willingness to serve) from nationalism (belief in national superiority, willingness to act against outsiders). The measure has become essential in comparative politics, examining how national identity shapes political behavior, attitudes toward immigration, support for international cooperation, and electoral choices.