Compara mètodes

	Life Orientation Test Revised	Escala d'Esperança Disposicional en Adults
Camp	Psicologia positiva	Psicologia positiva
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Any d'origen	1994	1991
Autor original	Michael Scheier and Charles Carver	C. Rick Snyder
Tipus	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Font seminal	Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing coping strategies from coping styles: A health psychological perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1061–1078.	Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., ... & Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(4), 570–585.
Àlies	LOT-R	Hope Scale, Adult Hope Scale
Relacionats	4	4
Resum	The Life Orientation Test – Revised (LOT-R) is a 10-item measure of dispositional optimism developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges in 1994. It assesses the general expectancy that good things (versus bad things) will happen in the future. Optimism, as measured by the LOT-R, predicts coping success, health outcomes, and psychological well-being independent of self-efficacy or other personality factors. The revised version addressed psychometric concerns in the original 1985 LOT, improving clarity and reducing item ambiguity.	The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, developed by C. Rick Snyder in 1991, is a 12-item measure assessing hope as a cognitive motivational system composed of two independent dimensions: Agency (the motivation and determination to pursue goals) and Pathways (the ability to generate routes to achieve those goals). Grounded in hope theory, the scale operationalizes hope not as wishful thinking but as an actionable psychological state combining goal-directed determination with flexible problem-solving.