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| Anàlisi Factorial Confirmatori (AFC)× | Anàlisi de Fiabilitat (Alpha de Cronbach)× | Modelització d'equacions estructurals (SEM)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Camp | Estadística | Estadística | Estadística |
| Família | Latent structure | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Any d'origen≠ | 1969 | 1951 | 1970 |
| Autor original≠ | Karl Jöreskog | Lee J. Cronbach | Karl Jöreskog (LISREL framework, 1970s) |
| Tipus≠ | Confirmatory latent variable model | Reliability / internal consistency coefficient | Latent variable / causal modeling |
| Font seminal≠ | Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press. ISBN: 978-1462515363 | Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. DOI ↗ | Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1473756540 |
| Àlies≠ | Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (CFA), confirmatory factor analysis, measurement model | coefficient alpha, alpha reliability, internal consistency reliability, Güvenilirlik Analizi (Cronbach Alpha) | Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (SEM), structural equation modelling, covariance structure analysis, latent variable modeling |
| Relacionats≠ | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Resum≠ | Confirmatory factor analysis tests whether a researcher-specified factor structure fits the observed data. Formalised by Karl Jöreskog in 1969, it is the measurement-model step within structural equation modelling and is the standard tool for validating the factorial structure of scales and questionnaires before comparing groups or estimating latent relationships. | Cronbach's alpha is a coefficient of internal consistency that quantifies the degree to which a set of items on a scale measures the same underlying construct. Introduced by Lee J. Cronbach in 1951, it remains the most widely reported reliability index in social-science, health, and educational research. | Structural equation modeling is a multivariate statistical framework that simultaneously estimates a measurement model — relating observed indicators to latent constructs — and a structural model specifying directional or reciprocal relationships among those constructs. Rooted in the LISREL tradition developed by Karl Jöreskog in the 1970s, SEM is the standard tool for testing complex theoretical models in the social, behavioural, and management sciences. |
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