পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন
নির্বাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলো পাশাপাশি পর্যালোচনা করুন; যে সারিগুলোয় পার্থক্য আছে সেগুলো চিহ্নিত করা হয়।
| Ripley K Function× | গিয়ারির সি স্থানিক স্বয়ংসম্পর্ক (Geary's C Spatial Autocorrelation)× | গেটিস-অর্ড Gi* হট স্পট বিশ্লেষণ× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ক্ষেত্র | স্থানিক বিশ্লেষণ | স্থানিক বিশ্লেষণ | স্থানিক বিশ্লেষণ |
| পরিবার≠ | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test | Regression model |
| উদ্ভবের বছর≠ | 1977 | 1954 | 1992 |
| প্রবর্তক≠ | Brian Ripley | Roy C. Geary | Arthur Getis and J. Keith Ord |
| ধরন≠ | Spatial point pattern test | Global spatial autocorrelation statistic | Local spatial statistic |
| মৌলিক উৎস≠ | Ripley, B. D. (1977). Modelling spatial patterns. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 39(2), 172–212. DOI ↗ | Geary, R. C. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115–146. DOI ↗ | Getis, A. & Ord, J.K. (1992). The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics. Geographical Analysis, 24(3), 189–206. DOI ↗ |
| অপর নাম≠ | Ripley's K Function, Second-Order Intensity Function, K(d) Function, Ripley K Fonksiyonu | Geary contiguity ratio, Geary's contiguity ratio, global spatial autocorrelation, Geary C mekânsal otokorelasyon | hot spot analysis, cold spot analysis, Gi* statistic, local Gi statistic |
| সম্পর্কিত≠ | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| সারসংক্ষেপ≠ | The Ripley K function, introduced by Brian Ripley in 1977, is a second-order summary statistic for spatial point patterns. It measures how the number of points within a given distance d of a typical point compares to what would be expected under complete spatial randomness (CSR). Widely used in ecology, epidemiology, criminology, and geography, the K function reveals whether events cluster, disperse, or distribute randomly across a study area at multiple spatial scales simultaneously. | Geary's C is a global measure of spatial autocorrelation — whether nearby locations tend to have similar values — introduced by Roy Geary in 1954. Unlike Moran's I, which is built on the covariation of values around the mean, Geary's C is built on the squared differences between neighbouring values, making it more sensitive to local, short-range variation. Values below 1 indicate positive spatial autocorrelation (similar neighbours), near 1 indicate randomness, and above 1 indicate negative autocorrelation. | Getis-Ord Gi* is a local spatial statistic, introduced by Getis and Ord in 1992 and refined in 1995, that compares the value at each location and its neighbours against the global mean to identify statistically significant clusters of high values (hot spots) and low values (cold spots). |
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