পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	ব্রেউশ-গডফ্রে এলএম টেস্ট ফর সিরিয়াল কোরিলেশন	প্যানেল ডেটার জন্য ফ্রিজ ক্রস-সেকশনাল ডিপেন্ডেন্স টেস্ট
ক্ষেত্র	অর্থমিতি	অর্থমিতি
পরিবার	Regression model	Hypothesis test
উদ্ভবের বছর	1978	1995
প্রবর্তক	Trevor Breusch & Leslie Godfrey	Edward Frees
ধরন	Lagrange-multiplier test for serial correlation	Non-parametric panel diagnostic test
মৌলিক উৎস	Godfrey, L. G. (1978). Testing against general autoregressive and moving average error models when the regressors include lagged dependent variables. Econometrica, 46(6), 1293–1301.	Frees, E. W. (1995). Assessing cross-sectional correlation in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 69(2), 393–414.
অপর নাম	BG test, LM test for autocorrelation, Breusch-Godfrey serial correlation test, Breusch-Godfrey otokorelasyon testi	Frees CD Test, Frees Q-statistic Test, Cross-Sectional Dependence Test (Frees), Frees Bağımlılık Testi
সম্পর্কিত	3	3
সারসংক্ষেপ	The Breusch-Godfrey test is a Lagrange-multiplier test for serial correlation in regression residuals, developed independently by Trevor Breusch (1978) and Leslie Godfrey (1978). Unlike the Durbin-Watson test, it detects autocorrelation up to any chosen order p, remains valid when the model includes lagged dependent variables, and produces a definite chi-square p-value rather than an inconclusive region — making it the modern standard for autocorrelation testing.	The Frees test, introduced by Edward Frees in 1995, is a non-parametric diagnostic procedure for detecting cross-sectional dependence in panel data. It is designed for settings where N (number of units) is large and T (time periods) is moderate, making it a standard pre-estimation check before applying panel regression methods that assume cross-sectional independence. Applied economists and social scientists routinely use it to verify whether units in the panel share common shocks or spatial linkages.