পদ্ধতির তুলনা করুন

	বেয়েশীয় ডিফারেনশিয়াল আইটেম ফাংশনিং (বেয়েশীয় ডিআইএফ)	কনফার্মেটরি ফ্যাক্টর অ্যানালাইসিস (CFA)
ক্ষেত্র	মনোমিতি	মনোমিতি
পরিবার	Latent structure	Latent structure
উদ্ভবের বছর	1990s–2000s	1969
প্রবর্তক	H. Swaminathan & H. J. Rogers (classical DIF); Bayesian extensions developed through Markov chain Monte Carlo IRT methods in the 1990s–2000s	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
ধরন	Item bias detection / Bayesian inference	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
মৌলিক উৎস	Swaminathan, H., & Rogers, H. J. (1990). Detecting differential item functioning using logistic regression procedures. Journal of Educational Measurement, 27(4), 361–370.	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
অপর নাম	Bayesian DIF, Bayesian DIF analysis, Bayesian item bias detection, BDIF	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
সম্পর্কিত	5	4
সারসংক্ষেপ	Bayesian differential item functioning analysis detects whether a test item behaves differently across demographic or cultural groups — such as males vs. females — after accounting for the underlying ability or trait being measured. It applies Bayesian IRT estimation to obtain posterior distributions of item parameters separately per group, then evaluates group differences with posterior credibility intervals or Bayes factors rather than classical p-values.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.