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| Цялочислено оптимиране× | Анализ на зони на обслужване× | |
|---|---|---|
| Област≠ | Оптимизация | Пространствен анализ |
| Семейство | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Година на възникване≠ | 1958 | 2001 |
| Създател≠ | Ralph Gomory (cutting planes, 1958); land-and-doig branch-and-bound (1960) | Harvey Miller & Shih-Lung Shaw |
| Тип≠ | Mathematical optimisation — exact combinatorial method | Network GIS pipeline |
| Основополагащ източник≠ | Wolsey, L.A. (1998). Integer Programming. Wiley. ISBN: 9780471283669 | Miller, H. J., & Shaw, S.-L. (2001). Geographic Information Systems for Transportation: Principles and Applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0-19-512394-4 |
| Други названия≠ | IP, MIP, mixed-integer programming, mixed-integer linear programming | Isochrone Analysis, Network Catchment Area Analysis, Travel-Time Polygon Analysis, Hizmet Alanı Analizi |
| Свързани≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Резюме≠ | Integer programming (IP), also called mixed-integer programming (MIP) when only some variables are restricted to whole numbers, is a branch of mathematical optimisation in which some or all decision variables must take integer or binary values. Building on linear programming, it was formalised through Ralph Gomory's cutting-plane method (1958) and the Land-and-Doig branch-and-bound algorithm (1960), and it has since become the standard exact framework for scheduling, assignment, routing, and resource-allocation problems. | Service Area Analysis delineates the geographic region reachable from one or more origin facilities within a specified travel cost — typically time, distance, or generalized impedance — by traversing a real road or transit network. It is widely used by urban planners, public health officials, logistics managers, and emergency response coordinators who need to understand actual accessibility rather than simple straight-line buffers. |
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