Сравнение на методи
Прегледайте избраните методи един до друг; редовете с разлики са откроени.
| Метод на разликите в разликите (Difference-in-Differences, DiD)× | Съгласуване по показател на склонност× | |
|---|---|---|
| Област≠ | Иконометрия | Статистика за изследвания |
| Семейство≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline |
| Година на възникване≠ | 1994 | 1983 |
| Създател≠ | Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment) | Paul Rosenbaum and Donald Rubin |
| Тип≠ | Causal inference / panel regression | Method |
| Основополагащ източник≠ | Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355 | Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–55. DOI ↗ |
| Други названия | diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff) | PSM, propensity score weighting, covariate balance |
| Свързани≠ | 5 | 3 |
| Резюме≠ | Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes. | Propensity score matching (PSM) is a method for reducing confounding bias in observational studies by balancing baseline characteristics between treatment groups, simulating randomization. Developed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), it estimates the probability of receiving treatment given observed covariates, then matches or weights treated and control individuals with similar treatment probabilities. Widely used in medicine, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical, enabling estimation of treatment effects while controlling for selection bias. |
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