قارن الطرق

	استبيان تورنتو للتعاطف	مقياس التعاطف الذاتي
المجال	علم النفس الاجتماعي	علم النفس الاجتماعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2009	2003
صاحب الطريقة	Randy Spreng, Mary McKinnon, Raymond Mar, and Brian Levine	Kristin Neff
النوع	Empathic ability and emotional responsiveness measure	Mindful self-kindness and psychological resilience measure
المصدر التأسيسي	Spreng, R. N., McKinnon, M. C., Mar, R. A., & Levine, B. (2009). The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire: Scale development and initial validation of a factor-analytic solution to multiple empathy measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91(1), 62–71.	Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223–250.
الأسماء البديلة	TEQ, Toronto Empathy Scale	SCS, Neff Self-Compassion Scale
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) is a 16-item self-report measure of empathic ability and emotional responsiveness to others' emotions. Developed by Randy Spreng and colleagues in 2009, the TEQ captures affective empathy—the capacity to feel and share another person's emotions—rather than cognitive perspective-taking. The scale has become widely used in social, clinical, and neuroscience research examining individual differences in emotional empathy and its correlates with mental health, prosocial behavior, and brain structure.	The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is a 26-item measure assessing self-compassion—the capacity to relate to oneself with kindness and understanding, rather than harsh self-judgment, in the face of difficulty or failure. Developed by Kristin Neff in 2003, the SCS operationalizes self-compassion as a multidimensional construct involving self-kindness (versus self-criticism), common humanity (versus isolation), and mindfulness (versus over-identification with negative emotions). The instrument has become standard in clinical, positive psychology, and health psychology research examining resilience, well-being, and mental health.