قارن الطرق

	تيركوم (TERCOM)	Dead Reckoning
المجال	هندسة الطيران والفضاء	هندسة الطيران والفضاء
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1980s	1940s
صاحب الطريقة	Boeing, military guidance	Maritime navigation tradition
النوع	Localization method	Navigation method
المصدر التأسيسي	Golden, J. P. (1983). Terrain contour matching (TERCOM): A cruise missile guidance aid. In In-Flight Measurement Technology. AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 336, 3–1 to 3–16.	Savage, P. G. (2007). Strapdown Inertial Integration Technology (2nd ed.). Strapdown Associates.
الأسماء البديلة	TerCom, terrain-aided navigation, TANS	ded reckoning, inertial navigation, odometry
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Terrain Contour Matching (TERCOM) is a terrain-aided navigation method that corrects position estimates by matching altimeter measurements against a stored digital elevation map (DEM). Developed by Boeing in the 1980s for cruise missile guidance, TERCOM enables accurate navigation in GPS-denied environments by exploiting the unique terrain signature at each location. TERCOM remains essential for missile guidance, autonomous underwater vehicles, and systems operating in jamming scenarios.	Dead Reckoning is a fundamental navigation method that estimates position and heading by integrating velocity and angular rate measurements from inertial sensors over time, without external references such as GPS. The term derives from maritime tradition ('deduced reckoning') and remains a cornerstone of aerospace and autonomous vehicle navigation. Dead reckoning works reliably in GPS-denied environments and is the baseline navigation method when external navigation aids are unavailable.