قارن الطرق

	Shannon Capacity	تقنية الإدخال المتعدد والإخراج المتعدد (MIMO)
المجال	الاتصالات	الاتصالات
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1948	1995
صاحب الطريقة	Claude Shannon	Telatar, Foschini, and Gans
النوع	fundamental theoretical bound	spatial multiplexing technique
المصدر التأسيسي	Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423.	Telatar, I. (1999). Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels. European Transactions on Telecommunications, 10(6), 585-595.
الأسماء البديلة	channel capacity, information theory bound	spatial multiplexing, antenna diversity
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Shannon's channel capacity theorem, published in 1948, establishes the maximum rate at which information can be reliably transmitted over a noisy channel. Expressed as C = B log2(1 + S/N) for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), it is a fundamental bound in information theory and communications engineering. Shannon proved that reliable communication is possible at any rate below capacity, and impossible above it. This theorem underpins the design of all modern communication systems and motivates coding theory, modulation, and signal processing techniques.	MIMO is a technique that uses multiple transmit and receive antennas to significantly increase channel capacity and reliability. Pioneered theoretically by Telatar (1999) and Foschini & Gans (1998), MIMO exploits multipath propagation—typically a liability in wireless—as an asset by creating independent spatial channels. It is now fundamental to all modern wireless systems including LTE, WiFi-6, and 5G, where it provides both capacity gains through spatial multiplexing and robustness through diversity.