قارن الطرق

	التحليل التسلسلي (تصميم تسلسلي جماعي)	تحليل القوة المستند إلى المحاكاة (قوة مونت كارلو)
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1977	2011
صاحب الطريقة	P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock	Arnold et al. (2011); Green & MacLeod (2016) for mixed-model extension
النوع	Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test	Simulation-based (Monte Carlo)
المصدر التأسيسي	O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556.	Arnold, B.F. et al. (2011). Simulation Methods to Estimate Design Power: An Overview for Applied Research. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11, 94.
الأسماء البديلة	sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design)	Monte Carlo power analysis, Monte Carlo simulation power, MC power, Simülasyon Tabanlı Güç Analizi (Monte Carlo Power)
ذات صلة	5	6
الملخص	Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments.	Simulation-based power analysis estimates the statistical power and required sample size of a study by repeating a full analysis pipeline thousands of times on artificially generated data. Because it relies on Monte Carlo simulation rather than closed-form equations, it is applicable to designs — mixed models, complex measurement structures, non-standard outcomes — where analytical power formulas do not exist. The approach was systematically described for applied research by Arnold et al. in 2011, and the mixed-model implementation via the SIMR package was formalised by Green and MacLeod in 2016.