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| نموذج التأثيرات العشوائية للبيانات المقطعية× | نموذج التأثيرات الثابتة لبيانات السلاسل الزمنية المقطعية× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | الاقتصاد القياسي | الاقتصاد القياسي |
| العائلة | Regression model | Regression model |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1978 | 2014 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Baltagi (textbook treatment); Hausman specification test | Hsiao (textbook treatment); within transformation of panel data |
| النوع | Panel data regression | Panel data regression |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251-1271. DOI ↗ | Hsiao, C. (2014). Analysis of Panel Data (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. DOI ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | random effects panel regression, RE estimator, GLS panel estimator, Panel Rassal Etkiler Modeli | fixed effects model, within estimator, panel fixed-effects regression, Panel Veri — Sabit Etkiler Modeli |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | The random effects model is a panel data estimator that explains an outcome using both within-unit and between-unit variation, treating the unobserved unit-specific heterogeneity as a random, normally distributed term rather than a fixed parameter. Its validity is judged with the Hausman (1978) specification test, and it is developed in standard treatments such as Baltagi's Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. | The Panel Data Fixed Effects model estimates relationships from panel data (the same units observed over several time periods) while controlling for unit- and/or time-specific effects, supporting causal inference. It is developed as the within estimator in standard treatments such as Hsiao's Analysis of Panel Data (2014). |
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