قارن الطرق

	تقدير الطور الكمومي	خوارزمية التحسين الكمومي التقريبي
المجال	الحوسبة الكمومية	الحوسبة الكمومية
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	1995	2014
صاحب الطريقة	Alexei Kitaev	Edward Farhi
النوع	Subroutine algorithm	Hybrid quantum-classical algorithm
المصدر التأسيسي	Kitaev, A. Y. (1995). Quantum measurements and the Abelian stabilizer problem. arXiv preprint quant-ph/9511026.	Farhi, E., Goldstone, J., Gutmann, S. (2014). A quantum approximate optimization algorithm. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4028.
الأسماء البديلة	QPE, phase kickback	QAOA, quantum alternating operator ansatz
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a fundamental quantum subroutine that estimates the eigenvalues of a unitary operator. Developed by Alexei Kitaev in 1995, QPE combines controlled unitary evolution with the quantum Fourier transform to extract eigenvalues from quantum states with exponential precision scaling.	The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm designed to solve combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. Introduced by Farhi, Goldstone, and Gutmann in 2014, QAOA encodes optimization problems into quantum circuits and uses classical optimization to tune circuit parameters, aiming to find approximately optimal solutions for problems like MaxCut, graph coloring, and scheduling.