قارن الطرق

	تقييم السياسات باستخدام ترجيح درجة الميل	مطابقة درجات الميل
المجال	الاستدلال السببي	إحصاء البحث
العائلة	Regression model	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1983/2003	1983
صاحب الطريقة	Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983); extended to policy evaluation by Hirano, Imbens & Ridder (2003)	Paul Rosenbaum and Donald Rubin
النوع	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Method
المصدر التأسيسي	Hirano, K., Imbens, G. W., & Ridder, G. (2003). Efficient Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity Score. Econometrica, 71(4), 1161-1189.	Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–55.
الأسماء البديلة	PSW policy evaluation, inverse probability weighting for policy, IPW policy evaluation, policy PSW	PSM, propensity score weighting, covariate balance
ذات صلة	6	3
الملخص	Policy evaluation propensity score weighting applies inverse-probability weighting to observational data to estimate the causal effect of a policy program. By reweighting participants and non-participants so they resemble a target population, it removes selection bias from voluntary or administratively allocated program assignment without requiring randomization.	Propensity score matching (PSM) is a method for reducing confounding bias in observational studies by balancing baseline characteristics between treatment groups, simulating randomization. Developed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), it estimates the probability of receiving treatment given observed covariates, then matches or weights treated and control individuals with similar treatment probabilities. Widely used in medicine, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical, enabling estimation of treatment effects while controlling for selection bias.